News

Impairment due to defects in salted fish products - workshop of Saltfiskframleiðendur, Sf., And Matís

The Association of Fish Processing Plants and Matís ohf. convene a working meeting on 17 September, where a salt fish producer interest group will be formally established. The main purpose of the meeting is to discuss the state of the industry and future emphases in the development and cooperation of salted fish producers.

Icelandic salted fish products have been in demand and prominent in foreign markets. It is important that Icelandic producers strengthen their position through strong co-operation on common interests.

In light of this, the Association of Fish Processing Plants and Matís ohf. to a working meeting in September 2010, where a salt fish producer interest group will be formally established. The main purpose of the meeting is to discuss the state of the industry and future emphases in the development and cooperation of salted fish producers.

Extensive developments have taken place in salted fish processing in recent years. Saltfish processing has evolved from being a position salting where poorer raw materials were used to produce products, to being a multifaceted process where different salting techniques are used to achieve the desired utilization and the highest possible quality. Requirements for raw material quality have also changed completely. These factors, as well as changes in storage conditions and transport processes, have given Icelandic producers a dominant position in the markets that offer the highest prices. Appearance, including tint, is a significant factor in product pricing as well as size classification.   

Salted fish processing is a long production process where product defects often do not appear until the processing time has elapsed. Examples are yellowing, which has often been associated with excessive copper or iron content in salt or the use of copper in processing equipment and other objects that come into contact with the fish. It is important to react quickly to the increased defect rate caused by jaundice, which can cause great financial damage to Icelandic producers, as buyers demand high damages. The damage associated with the image of Icelandic products is not valued. 

Today, the production and sale of salted fish products is largely in the hands of each and every producer, and at the same time, the dissemination of information and coordination with the production of products has decreased compared to the time when SIF was and was named. Formal co-operation between producers is intended to strengthen the flow of information concerning the common interests of producers. It is to everyone's advantage that Icelandic products are generally known for quality and trust between producers and buyers is further strengthened.  

All producers who have a processing license for salted fish processing have been sent a meeting invitation and a formal registration for the workshop took place last June. It is still possible to register participants and receive further information about the meeting which will be held at Matís ohf in mid-September.  

For further information, please contact Kristín A. Þórarinsdóttir, tel: 422-5081, e-mail: kristin.a.thorarinsdottir@matis.is.

AVS-Verknr .:  R 09065-09
Matís-Verknr .:  200-1963

Reports

The effect of different cooling techniques on the quality changes and shelf life of whole cod (Gadus morhua)

Published:

01/08/2010

Authors:

Hannes Magnússon, Kolbrún Sveinsdóttir, Lárus Þorvaldsson, María Guðjónsdóttir, Hélène L. Lauzon, Eyjólfur Reynisson, Árni R. Rúnarsson, Sveinn H. Magnússon, Jónas R. Viðarsson, Sigurjón Arason, Emilia Martinsdóttir

Supported by:

AVS R&D Fund of Ministry of Fisheries in Iceland, the Technology Development Fund at the Icelandic Center for Research and EU (contract FP6-016333-2)

Contact

Kolbrún Sveinsdóttir

Project Manager

kolbrun.sveinsdottir@matis.is

The effect of different cooling techniques on the quality changes and shelf life of whole cod (Gadus morhua)

The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the effect of three different cooling methods on the shelf life of whole, gutted cod: (i) Cooling with crushed plate ice, (ii) cooling with liquid ice, (iii) pre-cooling with liquid ice and then cooling with crushed plate ice. Temperature processes were monitored with temperature sensors in all groups during the storage period. Samples were assessed by sensory evaluation, microbial and chemical measurements during the 10 days the fish was stored. The results of microbial and chemical measurements were generally in good agreement with the results of sensory evaluation. Comparison of experimental groups revealed that cod chilled with liquid ice had a shelf life of about two to three days shorter than the other two groups. The shelf life of the cod was considerably shorter than various previous studies have shown, especially in the group that was cooled with liquid ice (only 9-10 days). It is now clear that the cod that was cooled with liquid ice was vanished on board the fishing vessel compared to the other two groups. In addition, refrigerated storage after landing was not as good as might be considered, but the temperature fluctuated between 2-5 ° C. This could possibly explain the shorter shelf life of all groups compared to previous studies.

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of three different cooling methods on the storage quality of whole, bled gutted cod: (i) Cooled with crushed plate ice, (ii) cooled with liquid ice, (iii) pre-cooled in liquid ice and then cooled with crushed plate ice. The temperature history of each group was studied using temperature loggers. The samples were analyzed with sensory, microbiological and chemical methods for up to 10 days from catch. The results from microbial and chemical measurements were generally in good agreement with the results from sensory evaluation. Comparison of the groups showed that the use of liquid ice instead of plate ice resulted in two to three days shorter shelf life than in the other two groups. The shelf life in this study was considerably shorter compared to previous studies with whole cod, especially in the experimental group where liquid ice was used for cooling (only 9-10 days). It is now known that the liquid iced group in this experiment was insufficiently iced on board the fishing vessel compared to the other two groups. Additionally, the ambient temperature in the cold room of the fish plant was relatively high and fluctuated between 2 - 5 ° C during the storage period. This could possibly explain the shorter shelf life of all groups compared to some earlier studies.

View report

Reports

Effect of improved design of wholesale EPS fish boxes on thermal insulation and storage life of cod loins - simulation of air and sea transport

Published:

01/08/2010

Authors:

Björn Margeirsson, Hélène L. Lauzon, Kolbrún Sveinsdóttir, Eyjólfur Reynisson, Hannes Magnússon, Sigurjón Arason, Emilía Martinsdóttir

Supported by:

EU (contract FP6-016333-2) Chill-on, AVS Fund of Ministry of Fisheries in Iceland (project no. R037-08), Technology Development Fund of the Icelandic Center for Research (project. No. 081304508), University of Iceland Research Fund

Contact

Kolbrún Sveinsdóttir

Project Manager

kolbrun.sveinsdottir@matis.is

Effect of improved design of wholesale EPS fish boxes on thermal insulation and storage life of cod loins - simulation of air and sea transport

The aim of the experiments was to investigate how well two types of foam boxes protect cod neck pieces from the typical heat load in an air transport chain from a producer in northern Iceland to a buyer in Europe. Temperature measurements, sensory evaluation, chemical and microbial measurements were used to compare the foam boxes and examine the importance of the location of fillet pieces within the box (corner and center). Finally, the shelf life of neck pieces subjected to typical air transport temperature load was compared to the shelf life of neck pieces with stable -1 ° C storage, which is a viable option for container transport by ship. The new foam box, designed with the FLUENT heat transfer model, proved to be better than the older box in terms of thermal insulation. The temperature load on the first day of the experiment caused the highest product temperature in the corners to rise to 5.4 ° C in the older model but only to 4.5 ° C in the new model. The difference between the highest product temperature in the middle and the corners of the box was about 2 to 3 ° C. Sensory evaluation showed that storage in the new foam box led to a two to three day longer freshness period and one to two days longer shelf life with regard to storage in the older foam box. However, the differences between the boxes were not confirmed by chemical and microbial measurements. Position within the box (angle and center) did not significantly affect sensory evaluation results and there was only a small difference between placements in TVB-N and TMA measurements. Simulation of air and sea transport (temperature fluctuations and constant temperature) revealed that for well-cooled cod necks, one can expect one to five days longer freshness period and about three to five days longer shelf life in well-controlled sea transport compared to a typical air transport process from the North. As sea transport from Iceland often takes about four to five days longer than air transport (depending on, among other things, the day of the week and the location of the processing), this shows that sea transport is a viable option for Icelandic fresh fish producers. With the use of the new foam boxes in air transport, however, the fish will have a longer freshness period when it comes into the hands of buyers abroad than in shipping.

2nd edition, March 2011

In the previous version of the report, it was not considered clear enough that the environmental temperature trajectory that was to be simulated by sea transport was in fact based on more or less the best possible conditions in the sea transport chains of fresh fish products from Iceland. Temperature measurements in the cooling projects The simulation of cooling processes and Chill-on have shown that domestic transport is often accompanied by an undesirable temperature load for several hours. whether it is air or sea transport chains. This heat load was taken into account in the case of the airline chain and not the maritime transport chain in the first edition of the report. Most emphasis was on the length of shelf life in the previous edition of the report, but a discussion on the period of freshness is added in its new edition.

The aim of the study was to investigate the performance of two different types of EPS boxes in protecting pre-chilled, fresh fish products subject to temperature conditions, which are likely to occur during air- and land based, multimodal transport from a processor in North -Iceland to a wholesaler in Europe. The performance of the EPS boxes was evaluated by means of temperature monitoring, chemical- and microbial measurements and finally sensory evaluation. Furthermore, effect of fillet positions inside the wholesale fish packages (corner vs. middle) were investigated by means of the aforementioned methods. Finally, the shelf life of the air-transported simulation fish loins was compared to the shelf life of fish loins stored at around -1 ° C, which can be achieved during non-interrupted and well temperature-controlled, containerized sea transport. The new box, designed with a numerical FLUENT heat transfer model, proved to be better with regard to thermal insulation than the old box. The thermal load during the first day of the experiment caused the maximum product temperatures in the bottom corners of the top and second top to rise to 5.4 ° C and 4.5 ° C for the original and new boxes, respectively. The maximum temperature in the middle of the boxes was around 2 to 3 ° C lower than the maximum temperature in the bottom corners. According to sensory evaluation, storage in the new boxes resulted in approximately two to three days longer freshness period and one to two days longer shelf life than storage in the old boxes. The difference between the two box types is not as clear with regard to chemical and microbial measurements.

The sampling location (corner versus middle), did not significantly affect the sensory quality and only minor differences were noticed in TVB-N and TMA between sampling locations in the new box. Comparing the steady and dynamic storage in the old boxes it can be concluded that the increased freshness period (around 1-5 days) and shelf life (around 3-5 days) at steady temperature could compensate for the longer transport time by sea instead of air freight. This makes containerized sea transport a worthy choice for Icelandic fresh fish manufacturers depending on the week day and location of processing. However, for maximum remaining freshness period at the time of delivery to the buyer in Europe the results showed that air transport with the new boxes is the more advantageous transport mode relying on shorter transport time and improved thermal protection of the new boxes.

View report

News

Workshop on longline fishing

Matís, Nofima, the University of Tromsø and Havstovan in the Faroe Islands are holding a workshop on longline fishing on 19 and 20 October in Iceland.

The workshop will focus on the value chain of line fish with regard to fishing, processing, marketing, quality and environmental impact. Experts in these fields will give presentations at the meeting, followed by discussions with participants. It is expected that the meeting will bring together those involved in the value chain of longline fish in the Nordic countries and will facilitate co-operation between them in the future.

The workshop will be held at Gullhömrar, Þjóðhildarstígur 12, 113 Reykjavík

Participation is open to all and free of charge.

Agenda of the workshop can be seen here.

All further information is provided by Jónas Rúnar Viðarsson jonas.r.vidarsson@matis.is

News

Increased sales of marine products that are traceable to the EPCIS standard

The eTrace project (eRek) is now in its second year and its results are already attracting considerable attention. The purpose of the project is to define, develop and implement a traceability system based on the EPCIS standard and to examine whether it is suitable for food traceability.

Integrating food safety information with other real-time traceability information opens up opportunities to simultaneously increase product safety. 

This spring, an experimental run was carried out in Sweden on the software that has been developed in the project, where fish tanks were marked with RFID tags as soon as they were landed. RFID tags emit radio waves, which can be easily read and the tags were glued to the outside of pots, boxes and packaging. In this way, the movement of cod from fishing, through processing and all the way to consumers could be monitored automatically. The gloves were used to obtain information on the location and timing of RFID tags, through landing and processing in Simrishavn and to consumers in Gothenburg.

etrace1

Information made visible to consumers.

The implementations that have been developed in the project are promising and our Swedish cousins appreciated the further information about the fish in graphic form. Sales increased significantly for those products where traceability information was available and store owners were very pleased to be able to show consumers the product's path from fishing to the fish table. The RFID tags used in the test run proved their worth, but so far there have often been problems with the use of RFID tags in the wet and cold conditions of fish processing.

etrace2

Fish boxes marked with RFID tags are scanned upon landing.

As mentioned above, the aim of the project is to develop and implement a traceability system based on the EPCIS standard. The system replaces the fact that information is collected manually, thus increasing automation and reducing the possibility of mistakes. The Swedish Fisheries Inspectorate (Fiskeriverket), which is a participant in the project, sees great potential for the EPCIS standard and RFID tags to meet the recent EU regulation no. 1224/2009, which states that member states must demonstrate the complete traceability of fish products. Their interest is also due to the fact that they believe that the system could be useful for fisheries management.

etrace3

Screenshot of the software showing the processing process of fish, where fish comes from both the ship and the market. After processing these 6 boxes of fish, 6 packs of fish will be stacked on one pallet. Behind this picture is further information that is useful for product traceability.

A similar experimental run is planned for Iceland this autumn, where this technology will be used to accompany fish from fishing, through processing and all the way to consumers in Europe.

Many companies and institutions are responsible for the project and Matís oversees certain aspects of its work, but Valur Gunnlaugsson and Sveinn Margeirsson have had their way and problems with Matís' work in the project. In addition to Matís, the Norwegian companies SINTEF and TraceTracker, Lund University, the technology company Roi4u and the Swedish Fisheries Inspectorate are among the participants in the project, which is funded by the SafeFoodEra program.

News

The importance of good handling of fish

A booklet that describes in a simple way in words and pictures the handling of fish freshly pulled from the sea

Following these guidelines can ensure the maximum value of fresh fish products.

The brochure will be distributed throughout the country in collaboration with, among others, the National Association of Small Boat Owners, you can also request a copy by sending an e-mail to matis@matis.is or call 422 5000.

The booklet can be download here.

Reports

The role and fate of added phosphates in salted cod products / Role and fate of added phosphate in salted fish

Published:

01/07/2010

Authors:

Kristín Anna Þórarinsdóttir, Sigurjón Arason, Guðjón Þorkelsson

Supported by:

AGS, AVS

Contact

Sigurjón Arason

Chief Engineer

sigurjon.arason@matis.is

The role and fate of added phosphates in salted cod products / Role and fate of added phosphate in salted fish

The aim of the project was to evaluate the fate of added phosphate in salted fish. It is clear that its amount decreases with effect and dehydration. The same goes for phosphates that are naturally present in fish muscle. Therefore, the total amount of phosphate in dehydrated products is usually lower than in fresh fish. However, it has been shown that added phosphates (di- and triphosphates) are found in both processed and dehydrated fish. However, it depends on the amount of phosphate added to the product and the salting processes used, ie. whether phosphate was added to the fish by injection or brine. Little or nothing is detected in dehydrated products if brine is used. Differences between processes can be due to the method of salting (spraying / pickling), the type and initial amount of phosphate added and the duration of action. Further research is needed to evaluate the effect of different salting processes on the fate of phosphate in salted cod muscles.

The aim of this study was to investigate the fate of added phosphates in salted cod products. The content of both added phosphates and naturally occurring phosphates, decreases during salting and rehydration. The final content in rehydrated fish (approx. 1-2.5% NaCl) is usually below values in the raw fish. However, di- and triphosphates are present both in salted and rehydrated products. The amount depends on the quantity of added phosphates in the product and on the salting procedures applied. It seems that lower contents are present in brined products than in injected products. Differences may depend on the method used for adding phosphates (injection / brining), phosphate type and, initial content of added phosphates in the muscle after pre-salting and finally on the curing time. Further studies are needed to get accurate information on the effects of different salting procedures on the fate of phosphates in salted cod products.

View report

Reports

Development of Quality Index Method and shelf life of thawed mackerel (Scomber scombrus) / Development of Quality Index Method and storage life of thawed mackerel (Scomber scombrus)

Published:

01/07/2010

Authors:

Kolbrún Sveinsdóttir, Patricia Miranda Alfama, Aðalheiður Ólafsdóttir, Emilía Martinsdóttir

Supported by:

AVS Fisheries Research Fund, UNU School of Fisheries, United Nations University

Contact

Kolbrún Sveinsdóttir

Project Manager

kolbrun.sveinsdottir@matis.is

Development of Quality Index Method and shelf life of thawed mackerel (Scomber scombrus) / Development of Quality Index Method and storage life of thawed mackerel (Scomber scombrus)

The QIM method (Quality Index Method) is an objective, fast and reliable sensory evaluation method that has been developed to assess the freshness of fish. The aim of the study was to prepare a QIM rating scale for thawed mackerel (Scomber scombrus) stored in ice at 0 ° C and to test its use in a shelf life test. The mackerel was evaluated by sensory evaluation according to QIM and DA method (generic descriptive analysis), microorganisms (TVC and H2S producing) were also counted and histamine was measured for up to 9 days after thawing. The result of the study was the QIM method for thawed mackerel which was developed and tested in a shelf life test. Quality factor - QI (total grade) increased linearly with ice shelf life. The QIM method for thawed mackerel is based on an assessment of quality factors such as the appearance of redness, texture, color and shape of the eyes, the color and odor of the gills, the appearance of mucus in the gill and gill leaf and the intestinal dissolution, and the total fish can reach a maximum of 19. The project also developed a method (general descriptive analysis-DA) for evaluating boiled mackerel. The main characteristics of the mackerel immediately after thawing were the smell and taste of fresh oil, the smell of metal and the sweet smell / taste that faded with the storage period. What limited the shelf life were sensory properties that describe the symptoms of damage, such as the stench and taste that can be noticeable in fatty fish after prolonged cold storage. According to a sensory assessment of boiled mackerel fillets, the shelf life of thawed mackerel after five months of cold storage is about 4-6 days. The total number of micro-organisms and H2S-producing micro-organisms was lower than is usually seen at the end of the shelf-life of micro-organisms. Histamine was not detected (<5 ppm) in thawed mackerel during the 9-day ice-storage period.

The Quality Index Method (QIM) is an objective, rapid and reliable sensory method. The aim of the present study was to develop a QIM scheme for frozenthawed Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) stored in ice at 0 ° C and evaluate the scheme in a shelf life study. The mackerel was evaluated with sensory evaluation (QIM and generic descriptive analysis (DA)), microbial counts (Total viable counts (TVC) and H2S-producing bacteria) were estimated and histamine measured for up to nine days. The main result of this study vas the QIM scheme to evaluate freshness of frozen-thawed Atlantic mackerel storage in ice which was developed and tested in a shelf life study. The quality index - QI (sum of scores) increased linearly with storage time on ice. The QIM for thawed mackerel is based on the evaluation of quality parameters dealing with the appearance on back and belly side, texture, color and shape of eyes, mucus, color and odor of gills and appearance of gill filaments and dissolution of viscera. The maximum sum of scores (QI) can be 19. A method to evaluate cooked mackerel was also developed (general descriptive analysis-DA). Newly thawed mackerel had fresh oil, metallic and sweet odors and flavors. The main limitation of shelf life in chilled storage after thawing were sensory characteristics describing spoilage such as rancid odor and flavor which can be prominent in fatty fish species after extended frozen storage. According to sensory evaluation of cooked mackerel, the shelf life of thawed mackerel after five months of frozen storage is around 4-6 days. Counts of TVC and H2S producing bacteria were relatively low at the end of shelf life. Histamine was not detected (<5 ppm) in the thawed mackerel during the storage time of nine days on ice.

View report

News

Matís plays a leading role in new multinational projects funded by the EU with the equivalent of ISK 860 million

Matís plays a leading role in two new and extensive multinational projects that the European Union has decided to support for three years, EcoFishMan and AMYLOMICS.

EU grants amount to a total of 5.5 million euros, equivalent to about 860 million ISK. Of this, Matís' share is a total of 950,000 euros for both projects, equivalent to about 150 million ISK. Matís manages both projects

This means that the EU transfers all funding to Matís, which then pays its domestic and foreign partners. A considerable part of the projects will be carried out at Matís 'offices in the countryside, as they are based, among other things, on Matís' good collaboration with companies all over the country. Master's and doctoral students will work on the projects.  

The European Union expects the EcoFishMan project to develop a new methodology that will be useful for changes and improvements to the Union's fisheries management system. Emphasis is placed on co-operation with fishermen, fishing and processing and on the utilization of information from electronic catch diaries. The aim of the project is to promote environmentally friendly, sustainable and economic management with a special emphasis on traceability and to minimize discards.

That EcoFishMan The project involves a total of 13 institutions, companies and universities in eight European countries, including the University of Iceland and the University of Tromsø in Norway. The project is expected to cost 3.7 million euros over three years and the EU's grant is 3.0 million euros.

  • Dr. Anna Kristín Daníelsdóttir, division manager at Matís, will be project manager and dr. Sveinn Margeirsson, Matís's division manager, will be with her on the project's science committee.

The AMYLOMICS project will utilize the diverse ecosystems of geothermal areas in Iceland to develop heat-resistant enzymes for use in the starch and sugar industries. Heat and acid resistance are essential properties in such industrial processes, but can be found in the enzymes of organisms in thermal areas.

Among the participants in AMYLOMICS is a French company Rocket Frères, which is one of the largest in Europe in the production of starch and derivatives, with an annual turnover of about 7 billion euros. Roquette Frères will be testing enzymes that will be developed in the project for testing and innovation in its production.

  • Dr. Guðmundur Óli Hreggviðsson, subject manager at Matís, will be project manager. Two other Icelandic companies, directly involved in the project, Roche Nimblegen and Prokazyme.

14 points out of 15 possible in a professional evaluation!

Sjöfn Sigurgísladóttir, CEO of Matís, says that the two projects and the EU's support for them are good news for the Icelandic scientific community and recognition for Matís:

"EU research grants are in great demand and there is a lot of competition for them. EcoFishMan received 14 points out of 15 possible in the opinion of the EU professional committee, which is a great result and returned the project to Matís and partners. With this, we become even more established in international scientific co-operation, and of course it is a special gift for Icelanders to now receive substantial funds into society from abroad during these times of recession and austerity. "

More about EcoFishMan
The European Union's Common Fisheries Policy does not deliver the desired results. Suffice it to say that close to 90% fish stocks in the jurisdiction of EU countries are overfished and a third of the stocks are in danger of extinction because they fail to regenerate. Discards are a major problem, for example it is estimated that 30-55% cod catches from the North Sea are discarded.

One of the goals of the EcoFishMan project is to analyze what has been successful in Icelandic fisheries management and "export". At the same time, there are plans for more co-operation with those who work in fishing and processing in the fishing industry.

Among the Icelandic parties that will be approached for professional knowledge are  Directorate of Fisheries, Association of Fish Processing Plants, National Association of Icelandic Fishermen, Marine Research Institute, Ministry of Fisheries and Agriculture, National Association of Small Boat Owners and several Icelandic companies that produce technical equipment for the fishing industry, such as TrackwellVaki and Marel.

More about AMYLOMICS
The biotechnology project AMYLOMICS is the idea of Matís' experts and Iceland will largely be its forum. The diversity of geothermal areas in Iceland is unique and Matís has extensive expertise in their ecosystem. The project is based on developing technology to utilize this special Icelandic genetic source, producing enzymes with certain, important properties and exploring possibilities for utilization in various areas of the chemical and food industry.

Among the participants in AMYLOMICS is the French company Rocket Frères, which is one of the largest in Europe in the production of starch and derivatives, with an annual turnover of about 7 billion euros. Roquette Frères will be testing enzymes that will be developed in the project for testing and innovation in its production.

The company Roche Nimblegen also participates in the project and will, in collaboration with Matís, develop and improve methods for obtaining genes from hot springs.      

Further information: Sjöfn Sigurgísladóttir CEO, phone 858 5119.

News

Doctoral dissertation from the Faculty of Food and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland

Wednesday 30 June at At 15.00, a doctoral defense from the Faculty of Food and Nutrition at the University of Iceland will take place. Mai Thi Tuyet Nga, a food scientist, is defending her doctoral dissertation. Due to changes in the celebration hall, the defense will take place in hall 105 at Háskólatorg. 

Overview

"Enhancing quality management of fresh fish with improved product management and traceability from fishing and to consumers." (Enhancing quality management of fresh fish supply chains through improved logistics and ensured traceability) is the title of the doctoral dissertation.

Dr. Ingibjörg Gunnarsdóttir, professor and vice-dean of the Faculty of Food and Nutrition, will chair the ceremony, which will take place in hall 105 at Háskólatorg and will begin at 15:00.

Opponents are Dr. Morten Sivertsvik, "Research Leader" at Nofima in Stavanger and Dr. Hjörleifur Einarsson, professor at the University of Akureyri.

The supervisors and the doctoral committee were the following Sigurjón Arason, associate professor at the University of Iceland and chief engineer at Matís ohf, Dr. Gunnar Stefánsson Associate Professor at the Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Iceland, Dr. Sigurður G. Bogason specialist at the University of Iceland and Dr. Sveinn Margeirsson, division manager at Matís ohf.

The United Nations University School of Fisheries provided Mai Thi Tuyet Nga with a scholarship and Matís ohf. provided her research facilities. The study belonged to the projects CHILL-ON (project no. FP6-016333-2) funded by the 6th Framework Program of the European Union and Hermun kæliferla which is funded by the AVS Fisheries Research Fund, the Technology Development Fund and the University of Iceland Research Fund.  

Abstract from the study: "Strengthened quality management of fresh fish with better planning and traceability from fishing and to consumers."

The aim of the project was to: Strengthen quality management of fresh fish with better planning and improved traceability from fishing and to consumers. Part of the research was to obtain an overview of the knowledge of the directors of companies related to the fishing industry on traceability and their cost awareness in the choice of transport routes and packaging when making decisions on the choice of transport processes for marine products. Analysis of transport processes was a necessary part of the project in order to obtain a comprehensive overview of the status of the industry and the transport processes. The results of the analysis revealed which links in the supply chain could be improved in terms of shelf life, procedures, equipment, environmental impact, etc. The project investigated how temperatures evolve through the transport chain for both aviation and sea; fillet processing, pre-cooling, the effect of different packaging, - the function of storage and containers and also during the transfer of goods in the chain. The results of these components of the project were used to assess the heat load experienced by the products in the processes and used to predict shelf life. The results of the project will be used to make decisions about which processes should be improved in the supply chain so that it is most useful in optimizing the overall process. 

The advantages and disadvantages of air and sea transport for fresh fish were analyzed. The results of the temperature mapping showed a much more stable temperature in container transport by ship than by air transport. In particular, there is a risk of heat stress in air transport chains when a product is moved between different links in the refrigeration chain. Other factors in the supply chain that can affect the quality and shelf life of fresh fish are pre-cooling before packing, the location of boxes on pallets in the case of poorly temperature-controlled cooling chains and the length of the chains. 

TTI (Time Temperature Indicators) was also analyzed in the project where equipment was tested for fresh fish products and its use to assess product quality limits. TTI tests were performed in storage trials to verify that the rate of product quality change was consistent with the performance of the TTI equipment.

The doctoral dissertation is based on six scientific articles, of which one article is already published in an international scientific journal and another is approved.

Mai Thi Tuyet Nga was born on December 23, 1971 in Vietnam. She completed her B.Sc. degree from the Department of Aquatic Products Processing Technology at Kaliningrad State Technical University (KGTU), Kaliningrad, Russian Federation in 1995 and M.Sc. degree from the Faculty of Aquatic Products Processing, Nha Trang University (NTU), Nha Trang, Vietnam in 2000. Mai Thi Tuyet Nga has been a teacher of food science since 1996 at Nha Trang University (NTU). Mai Thi Tuyet Nga is married to Tran Quang Hung and they have two daughters Tran Mai Linh and Tran Mai Khanh Huyen.

Mai Thi Tuyet Nga, phone: 00-354-8987821; 00-84-914074318 Email: maiceland@yahoo.com

Sigurjón Arason, main supervisor,  mailto:go@hi.is sigurjar@hi.is  (phone: 8585117)

EN